Running Shoes: Waterproofing Sprays, Limitations, and Better Options

Can you spray running shoes to make them waterproof?

While you can apply waterproofing sprays to running shoes to enhance their water resistance, it's crucial to understand that these sprays typically do not render shoes fully "waterproof" in the same way purpose-built waterproof footwear is designed.

Understanding "Waterproof" vs. "Water-Resistant" in Footwear

Before delving into sprays, it's vital to clarify the distinction between "waterproof" and "water-resistant."

• Waterproof: This implies an absolute barrier against water penetration, often achieved through a membrane (like Gore-Tex, eVent, or similar proprietary technologies) laminated within the shoe's construction. These materials have microscopic pores large enough to allow water vapor (sweat) to escape but too small for liquid water to enter.
• Water-Resistant: This means the material can repel water to a certain degree, preventing it from soaking through immediately but not guaranteeing full protection in prolonged or heavy exposure. Most standard running shoes offer some inherent water resistance due to their synthetic materials, but this is often minimal.

Waterproofing sprays primarily aim to improve water resistance, not create an impenetrable waterproof barrier.

How Waterproofing Sprays Work

Most waterproofing sprays create a hydrophobic (water-repelling) layer on the surface of the shoe's material. They work in a few common ways:

• Silicone-based sprays: These create a flexible, non-stick, and highly water-repellent barrier. They are generally effective but can sometimes alter the appearance or texture of certain materials and may reduce breathability.
• Fluoropolymer-based sprays (e.g., PFCs/PFAS): These create a very low surface energy coating, causing water to bead up and roll off. They are highly effective but have faced environmental scrutiny due to the persistence of the chemicals. Many brands are moving away from these.
• Wax-based sprays/treatments: Often used for natural materials like leather or canvas, these create a physical barrier that fills pores and repels water. Less common for modern synthetic running shoes.

The effectiveness hinges on the spray's ability to coat individual fibers or create a continuous, hydrophobic film across the shoe's upper.

Limitations of Spray-On Waterproofing for Running Shoes

While sprays can offer some protection, they have inherent limitations, especially for running shoes:

• Breathability Compromise: Running shoes are designed for optimal airflow to manage heat and moisture (sweat) inside the shoe. Applying a spray, particularly silicone or heavy fluoropolymer types, can block the microscopic pores in the mesh or knit upper, reducing breathability. This can lead to increased foot temperature, excessive sweating, and a higher risk of blisters.
• Temporary Solution: Sprays wear off over time due to abrasion, flexing, and exposure to dirt and detergents. Regular reapplication is necessary, often after every few runs or washes.
• Seam and Construction Vulnerabilities: Sprays only treat the surface material. Water can still seep in through stitched seams, eyelets, or the collar of the shoe, especially when encountering deep puddles or prolonged rain. True waterproof shoes integrate a membrane that covers the entire interior, including seams.
• Material Compatibility: Not all sprays are suitable for all running shoe materials. Some might stain, discolour, or degrade certain glues or synthetic fabrics. Always patch-test in an inconspicuous area first.

Application Process: A Step-by-Step Guide

If you decide to use a waterproofing spray, follow these steps for best results:

1. Clean the Shoes Thoroughly: Dirt, mud, and grime will prevent the spray from adhering properly. Clean the shoes with mild soap and water, ensuring they are completely dry before application. Remove laces if desired.
2. Ensure Good Ventilation: Work in a well-ventilated area, preferably outdoors, to avoid inhaling spray fumes.
3. Read Product Instructions: Each spray product may have specific instructions regarding distance, drying time, and number of coats. Adhere to these precisely.
4. Apply Evenly: Hold the can at the recommended distance (usually 6-8 inches) and apply a light, even coat over the entire fabric upper. Avoid saturating the material.
5. Allow to Dry Completely: Let the first coat dry thoroughly, often for several hours or as per instructions. Rushing this step can lead to poor adhesion.
6. Apply Second Coat (If Recommended): Many products benefit from a second, light coat for enhanced protection.
7. Cure Time: Allow the shoes to cure for the recommended period (often 24 hours or more) before use. This allows the hydrophobic layer to fully bond and harden.

When to Consider Spraying Your Running Shoes

Spraying your running shoes might be a reasonable option in specific scenarios:

• Light Rain or Dewy Conditions: For runs where you anticipate only light precipitation or damp grass, a spray can help keep your feet drier and more comfortable.
• Extending the Life of Existing Water Resistance: If your shoes have a factory-applied DWR (Durable Water Repellent) coating that has worn off, a spray can help restore some of that initial repellency.
• Temporary Protection: For occasional use in damp conditions without investing in dedicated waterproof shoes.

Alternatives to Spraying for Wet Conditions

For serious wet weather running, purpose-built solutions are generally superior:

• Gore-Tex or Other Waterproof Membrane Shoes: These shoes are specifically designed with an integrated waterproof/breathable membrane, offering far superior protection against water ingress while still allowing some moisture vapor to escape. They are the gold standard for wet weather running.
• Running Gaiters: These are fabric sleeves that cover the top of your shoes and ankle, preventing water, mud, and debris from entering over the collar of the shoe. They are particularly effective for trail running or deep puddles.
• Wool or Synthetic Blend Socks: Even if your shoes get wet, wearing socks made of materials like merino wool or synthetic blends will help wick moisture away from your skin, reducing friction and the risk of blisters, keeping your feet warmer even when damp. Avoid cotton socks in wet conditions.

The Verdict: Is It Worth It?

For the serious runner, relying solely on sprays for "waterproofing" is often a compromise. While they can provide a temporary boost in water resistance for light dampness, they fall short of true waterproof protection and can negatively impact the shoe's breathability, which is critical for foot health during exercise.

For consistent wet weather running, investing in a pair of running shoes with an integrated waterproof membrane (e.g., Gore-Tex) is the most effective and comfortable solution. These shoes are engineered to balance water protection with breathability, providing a superior experience in challenging conditions.

Conclusion

Spraying running shoes can offer a degree of water resistance, making them more suitable for light rain or damp conditions. However, it's not a substitute for genuinely waterproof footwear designed with integrated membranes. Runners must weigh the temporary benefit of surface repellency against the potential reduction in breathability, which is a key performance and comfort factor for foot health during prolonged activity. For optimal protection and comfort in wet environments, purpose-built waterproof running shoes remain the recommended choice.