Master of Science in Athletic Training: Requirements, Curriculum, and Professional Role

What does MS stand for in athletic training?

In the context of athletic training, "MS" stands for Master of Science, signifying a graduate-level academic degree that is now the entry-level educational requirement for becoming a certified athletic trainer.

The Master of Science (MS) Degree in Athletic Training

The Master of Science (MS) is an advanced academic degree pursued after completing a bachelor's degree. For aspiring athletic trainers, the MS in Athletic Training is the standard educational pathway to professional practice. This graduate-level program is specifically designed to equip students with the comprehensive knowledge, clinical skills, and professional competencies required to excel in the demanding field of athletic healthcare.

Why an MS is Required for Athletic Trainers

The educational requirements for athletic trainers have evolved significantly over time to meet the growing complexities and demands of the profession. Historically, a bachelor's degree was sufficient to sit for the Board of Certification (BOC) exam and become a Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC). However, the Commission on Accreditation of Athletic Training Education (CAATE), the accrediting body for athletic training programs, mandated a shift to the master's degree as the professional entry-level requirement. This change became effective for all programs as of the 2022-2023 academic year.

This elevation in educational standards reflects several critical factors:

• Increased Scope of Practice: The role of an athletic trainer has expanded beyond immediate sports injury care to encompass a broad spectrum of healthcare services, including injury prevention, clinical diagnosis, therapeutic intervention, rehabilitation, and emergency care across diverse populations and settings.
• Advanced Clinical Reasoning: A master's curriculum provides a deeper dive into advanced anatomy, physiology, pathophysiology, pharmacology, and diagnostic techniques, fostering superior critical thinking and clinical decision-making skills essential for complex patient care.
• Evidence-Based Practice: Graduate-level education emphasizes research literacy and the integration of the best available evidence into clinical practice, ensuring optimal patient outcomes.
• Interprofessional Collaboration: Modern healthcare demands collaborative practice. The MS curriculum prepares athletic trainers to work effectively as part of interdisciplinary healthcare teams.

Curriculum and Core Competencies of an MS in Athletic Training Program

An MS in Athletic Training program is rigorous, combining intensive didactic (classroom) instruction with extensive supervised clinical experiences. While specific course titles may vary, core areas of study generally include:

• Advanced Anatomy and Kinesiology: In-depth study of human movement, muscle function, and joint mechanics.
• Pathophysiology: Understanding the mechanisms of disease and injury.
• Pharmacology: Knowledge of medications relevant to athletic populations.
• Advanced Assessment and Diagnosis: Comprehensive techniques for evaluating injuries and illnesses, including differential diagnosis.
• Therapeutic Interventions: Application of various modalities, manual therapy techniques, and therapeutic exercise for rehabilitation.
• Emergency Care: Advanced training in managing acute medical conditions and traumatic injuries.
• General Medical Conditions: Recognition and management of non-orthopedic illnesses.
• Health Promotion and Disease Prevention: Strategies for maintaining wellness and preventing injury.
• Research Methods and Evidence-Based Practice: Developing skills to critically appraise research and apply findings to clinical decisions.
• Professional Practice and Ethics: Understanding legal, ethical, and administrative aspects of athletic training.

A significant component of the MS program is the clinical rotations, where students gain hands-on experience under the direct supervision of certified athletic trainers in various settings, such as university athletic departments, high schools, professional sports, clinics, and even industrial or military environments.

The Role of a Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC) with an MS

Upon successful completion of an accredited MS in Athletic Training program, graduates are eligible to sit for the Board of Certification (BOC) examination. Passing this rigorous exam grants the individual the credential of Certified Athletic Trainer (ATC).

ATCs are highly qualified, multi-skilled healthcare professionals who specialize in the prevention, diagnosis, immediate care, and rehabilitation of injuries and medical conditions. Their role is pivotal in ensuring the health and safety of active individuals across a wide spectrum of physical activities.

Key responsibilities of an ATC include:

• Injury and Illness Prevention: Implementing preventative programs, including strength and conditioning, proper technique, and equipment fitting.
• Clinical Evaluation and Diagnosis: Assessing injuries and illnesses to determine their nature and extent.
• Immediate and Emergency Care: Providing first aid, wound care, and managing life-threatening conditions.
• Treatment and Rehabilitation: Designing and implementing therapeutic exercise programs, applying modalities, and utilizing manual therapy techniques to restore function.
• Healthcare Administration: Maintaining detailed medical records, communicating with other healthcare providers, and managing healthcare facilities.

ATCs work in diverse settings, including:

• Colleges and universities
• High schools
• Professional sports organizations
• Hospitals and clinics
• Performing arts (dance, theater)
• Military
• Industrial and occupational health settings

Beyond the MS: Continuing Education and Specialization

Obtaining an MS and ATC certification is the foundational step. To maintain their certification, ATCs are required to complete continuing education units (CEUs) on an ongoing basis. This ensures they stay current with the latest advancements in research, clinical techniques, and healthcare practices.

Furthermore, some athletic trainers may pursue additional post-professional education, such as a Doctor of Athletic Training (DAT), Doctor of Philosophy (PhD), or specialized certifications in areas like strength and conditioning (e.g., CSCS) or specific manual therapy techniques, to further enhance their expertise and career opportunities.